基于可观测度分析和增量因子图的多源融合导航方法

复杂动态场景下高精度导航定位是自主无人系统决策规划与控制执行的基础。在城市峡谷、隧道、地下或室内停车场等场景下，卫星信号弱甚至丢失，严重影响了惯性/卫星/视觉等多源融合导航的精度和可靠性。为主动适应动态场景变化，迫切需要设计一种适用于跨场景的多源融合导航系统。基于动态时变系统的可观测度分析，在线度量惯性/卫星、惯性/视觉等组合导航因子的可信程度，进而采用因子图融合导航框架，根据各组合导航因子的可信程度，主动优化因子构建和增量平滑过程，以实现多传感器自适应融合导航与可靠定位。实验仿真表明：基于可观测度分析方法，能够在线优化因子图计算过程，提升了多源融合导航系统的环境适应性和跨场景能力，保证了复杂动态场景下自主无人系统跨场景导航模式切换和连续可靠的导航定位。     

ATC飞行信息数据库数据元素相互关系研究

探讨对采集到的实时民用航空ATC信息数据进行归纳、整理和分类,再根据数据统计处理结果,重点分析飞行信息数据元素之间的相互关系,以及他们与地面空中交通管理部门、机场和航空公司数据信息之间的相互关系。利用本文获得的统计分析结果,可以建立完善的空中交通管理数据库系统。     

Multi-wavelength coordinated observations of ionospheric irregularity structures from an anomaly crest location during unusual solar minimum of the 24th cycle

The present paper reports coordinated ionospheric irregularity measurements at optical as well as GPS wavelengths. Optical measurements were obtained from Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) sensors installed onboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites. GPS radio signals were obtained from a dual frequency GPS receiver operational at Calcutta (22.58°N, 88.38°E geographic; geomagnetic dip: 32.96°; 13.00°N, 161.63°E geomagnetic) under the SCIntillation Network Decision Aid (SCINDA) program. Calcutta is located near the northern crest of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) in the Indian longitude sector. The observations were conducted during the unusually low and prolonged solar minima period of 2008–2010. During this period, four cases of post-sunset GPS scintillation were observed from Calcutta. Among those cases, simultaneous fluctuations in GPS Carrier-to-Noise ratios (C/N_o) and measured radiances from TIP over a common ionospheric volume were observed only on February 2, 2008 and September 25, 2008. Fluctuations observed in measured radiances (maximum 0.95 Rayleigh) from TIP due to ionospheric irregularities were found to correspond well with C/N₀ fluctuations on the GPS links observed from Calcutta, such effects being noted even during late evening hours of 21:00–22:00 LT from locations around 40° magnetic dip. These measurements indicate the existence of electron density irregularities of scale sizes varying over several decades from 135.6 nm to 300–400 m well beyond the northern crest of the EIA in the Indian longitude sector during late evening hours even in the unusually low solar activity conditions.     

基于MED和LMD的自动倾斜器轴承广义Shannon熵谱分析

针对轴承信号微弱故障特征易被强背景噪声淹没的问题,提出采用最小熵反褶积,通过逆滤波器最优化设计,对目标信号进行降噪处理,其峭度值提高了约3.8倍,增强了信号的微弱故障特征;针对非平稳非线性信号频率成分复杂难以解调的问题,提出采用局部均值分解(LMD)和峭度-相关系数筛选准则,其可对非平稳非线性信号进行自适应分解和最优重构,提高了信号的信噪比;针对信号耦合调制及边频突出的问题,通过引入广义Shannon熵进行包络谱带内降噪处理,信号一阶故障特征调制频率与故障特征频率的幅度比降低了24%~43%。通过实验室信号及某型直升机自动倾斜器轴承故障诊断地面试验的分析结果验证了该方法的合理性和可行性。      

Joint Iterative Decoding for Network-Coding-Based Multisource LDPC-Coded Cooperative MIMO

A network-coding-based multisource LDPC-coded cooperative MIMO scheme is proposed,where multiple sources transmit their messages to the destination with the assistance from a single relay.The relay cooperates with multiple sources simultaneously via network-coding.It avoids the issues of imperfect frequency/timing synchronization and large transmission delay which may be introduced by frequency-division multiple access(FDMA)/code-division multiple access(CDMA)and time-division multiple access(TDMA)manners.The proposed joint″Min-Sum″iterative decoding is effectively carried out in the destination.Such a decoding algorithm agrees with the introduced equivalent joint Tanner graph which can be used to fully characterize LDPC codes employed by the sources and relay.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the proposed scheme with joint iterative decoding can achieve significant cooperation diversity gain.Furthermore,for the relay,compared with the cascade scheme,the proposed scheme has much lower complexity of LDPC-encoding and is easier to be implemented in the hardware with similar bit error rate(BER)performance.     

The northern and southern mid-latitude ionospheric trough using global IGS vTEC maps

The aim of this work is the analysis of the mid-latitude ionospheric trough (MIT) using the Global Ionospheric Maps from IGS (GIMs) during the solar minimum, year 2008. This study was performed for different local times, 22, 00, 02 and 04 LT on the Northern and Southern hemisphere simultaneously. In the two hemispheres the MIT show asymmetric pattern. The high-latitude troughs are clearly distinguished in autumn and winter. Another feature is the longitudinal development towards the west of the geomagnetic pole covering a wider area in the Northern Hemisphere. Five empirical reference models were tested and compared with the MIT minimum position obtained from GIMs at different local times for both hemisphere. The results show a better agreement with the observations for the Northern Hemisphere specially with the Köehnlein & Raitt model. Fluctuations of 9 days and 27 days of the MIT minimum position are found, which could be related with the solar wind oscillations, especially for 00 and 02 LT in both hemisphere, suggesting a link between them.     

Variations of geomagnetic cutoff rigidity in the southern hemisphere close to 70°W (South-Atlantic Anomaly and Antarctic zones) in the period 1975–2010

We report the existence of rapid variations in (effective) geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (Rc) between the equatorial and Antarctic zones adjacent to the Andes Mountains, revealed by the variation rate of geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (VRc) in the period 1975–2010. Our analysis is based on empirical records and theoretical models of the variations in cosmic rays and on the structure of geomagnetic fields. These have given us a different view of variations in Rc in time and space along the 70°W meridian, where secular variations in the geomagnetic field are strongly influenced by the proximity of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA), one of the most important characteristics of the terrestrial magnetic field that affects our planet, close from the equator to the 50°S parallel and from South America to South Africa. The VRc presents rapid changes in mid-latitudes where SAMA exerts its influence despite the existence of smooth changes in the geomagnetic field. This shows that these changes occur mainly in the spatial configuration, rather than in the temporal evolution of Rc. The analysis was performed using measurements from the Chilean Network of Cosmic Rays and Geomagnetism Observatories, equipped with BF-3 and latest generation He-3 neutron monitors, Fluxgate magnetometers, geomagnetic reference field (IGRF) and Tsyganenko 2001 model (just for completeness).     

运输类飞机最小离地速度试飞数据处理方法

对最小离地速度试飞方法进行了介绍,对试飞数据处理方法进行了研究,总结了最小离地速度试验条件向标准条件换算方法、最小离地速度与推重比的关系以及双发试验向单发状态的换算方法.最后以某型飞机最小离地速度模拟器实验为例,对所给出的方法进行了验证.结果表明,数据处理方法可行有效,可以用于运输类飞机最小离地速度试飞.     

基于多信号模型的空间站某典型产品测试性建模与分析

测试性建模与分析在提高产品的测试性设计水平上,发挥的作用越发重要.基于多信号流图模型方法,以某典型产品为例,分析其工作原理和结构,建立其测试性模型.根据分析结果,采用增加测点、断开反馈回路的方法,改进了模型的测试性设计,提高了其测试性指标.     

DSP课程实践教学研究

实践教学是DSP教学的重要组成部分。以实例项目导入方式,设计了DSP实践教学内容,给出了相应的系统组成、硬件原理图以及系统的特点。同时从实验室开放和结合科研两个方面,探讨了实践教学方法。对于深化DSP课程实践教学改革有着很好的指导意义。